The control of abnormal grain growth in low-voltage SnO2 varistors by microseed addition

In this research, the addition effects of three different quantities of micron-sized seeds (microseeds) to a SnO₂ varistor prepared from nanomaterials on the microstructure and electrical properties were studied. Moreover, surge-withstanding capability of low-voltage SnO₂ varistors was investigated. The X-ray diffraction pattern disclosed a single phase SnO₂ for microseed grains. The morphological features of samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The abnormal distribution of grain size with elongated grains of SnO₂ in fine grains matrix was observed in sintered samples without microseeds. The low content of microseed addition (0.3 wt%) had not controlled abnormal grain growth, however, it increased mean grain size to 37 µm. Although the high content of microseeds (7.5 wt%) stopped abnormal grain growth, it had a negative effect on relative density and mean grain size. The normal grain size distribution with maximum mean grain size (45 µm) was obtained in samples containing 1.5 wt% microseeds. These samples showed the lowest breakdown field (240 V/cm) and the highest surge-withstanding capability (1.5 kA/cm²). Furthermore, the standard deviation of the electrical parameters of these samples was improved due to normal grain-size distribution.     

机电控制无级变速器执行机构动态响应特性仿真研究

为研究夹紧力可调的机电控制无级变速器（EMCVT）电控电动执行机构的可靠性，及其速比和从动带轮夹紧力动态响应的影响因素，采用MATLAB/Simulink构建了EMCVT执行机构的动力学模型，设计了针对EMCVT电控电动执行机构的速比和夹紧力闭环控制器。对EMCVT输入转矩突变和目标速比突变两种工况进行了仿真分析，仿真结果表明：速比和从动带轮夹紧力动态响应的超调量和调节时间满足CVT的使用要求，从动带轮夹紧力响应时间小于1s，速比变化率可以达到2；EMCVT速比和从动带轮夹紧力动态响应的主要影响因素是执行电动机的负载和转动方向。     

Effects of Phosphoryl Oligosaccharides of Calcium (POs-Ca) on Mycelial Growth and Fruiting Body Development of the Edible Mushroom,Pleurotus ostreatus

Phosphoryl oligosaccharides of calcium (POs-Ca) is a calcium salt of phosphoryl maltooligosaccharides made from potato starch. POs-Ca is highly water-soluble and can supply both the calcium ion and acidic oligosaccharides in an aqueous solution. In this study, we investigated the effects of POs-Ca on the mycelial growth and fruiting body yield of Pleurotus ostreatus , which is one of the most widely cultivated edible mushrooms in the world. We cultivated the mushroom using both potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium and sawdust-based medium, with added calcium salts. The addition of POs-Ca into the PDA medium with a calcium concentration of 10 mg increased mycelial growth significantly ( p < 0.05, vs . control). POs-Ca addition to the sawdust-based medium at concentrations of 1.0 to 3.0 g/100 g medium increased the amount of calcium in the fruiting bodies but did not affect the length of the cultivation period or the weight of the fruiting body. The calcium content in the fruiting body increased 12-fold when compared to the control. On the other hand, neither the CaHPO ₄ ･2H ₂ O group nor the CaHPO ₄ ･2H ₂ O with oligosaccharides group showed changes in the calcium content of the fruiting bodies. Our results indicate that the use of POs-Ca in mushroom cultivation allows for the possibility of developing new functional foods like calcium-enriched edible mushrooms. This is the first report describing the effects of POs-Ca on mushroom cultivation.     

定距螺旋桨对船用主机外特性的要求分析

为解决定距螺旋桨与船用主机在船舶运行工况的机桨匹配问题,结合船舶系泊和航行试验的相关标准,分析和归纳船舶运行数据,将实船测试与船机桨匹配理论计算相结合,得出运输船和拖轮在常用工况及特殊工况下定距螺旋桨对主机外特性的定量要求,为配套不同细分市场时船用主机的优化和开发提供参考依据。     

Hydrothermally grown uniform TiO2 coatings on ZrO2 fibers and their infrared reflective and thermal conductive properties

Improving the infrared reflectivity of ZrO₂ polycrystalline fibers is of great benefit to its thermal applications. In the present research, we cast a highly uniform TiO₂ coating with a thickness ranging from dozens to hundreds of nanometers on ZrO₂ fibers by utilizing hydrothermal growth. The coating bonds tightly to the ZrO₂ fibers via Zr–O–Ti chemical linkages, and the thickness of the coating can be tailored by varying the hydrothermal growth time. The TiO₂ coating, acting as a sheath towards electromagnetic radiation, not only reflected light with wavelengths ranging from the visible region to the infrared region and up to 8 μm but also shielded the Raman signals of the ZrO₂ fibers. The present research provides an efficient way to cast controllable and uniform coatings on flexible fiber materials. The obtained ZrO₂ fibers coated with TiO₂ may have applications such as reinforcement for bulk ceramics, thermal barrier coatings, aerogels, etc., thus performing the dual functions of mechanical strengthening and thermal insulation.     

不同LED光质对绿叶生菜生长的影响

选用半结球生菜和散叶生菜两种绿叶生菜为试材,在其他生长条件相同的情况下,设置3个红蓝光配比,分别为R∶B=4∶1、R∶B=3∶1、R∶B=1∶1,探究不同LED光质对绿叶生菜生长的影响。结果表明:半结球生菜在株高、横径、叶片数、单株鲜重、地上部鲜重方面均随着红光的增多呈上升趋势,并在R∶B=4∶1下达到最大,而地下部鲜重和根冠比在R∶B=1∶1下达到最大;散叶生菜的株高、横径、叶片数、单株鲜重和地上部鲜重均在R∶B=3∶1下达到最大。结论:在本试验设置的3种光配比中,R∶B=4∶1最有利于半结球生菜的生长,R∶B=3∶1最有利于散叶生菜的生长。     

四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统气源示踪

以天然气、烃源岩及储层沥青的地球化学特征为主要依据,通过天然气-天然气、储层沥青-烃源岩、天然气-烃源岩3个方面对比,深入探讨四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统天然气来源。研究表明,四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统天然气主要来源于筇竹寺组泥岩。其5项证据分别为:下二叠统天然气乙烷碳同位素小于-30.5‰,甲、乙烷碳同位素倒转是由高演化程度烃源岩所致;多数下二叠统天然气与龙王庙组天然气特征最为相似;GS18,NC1井下二叠统天然气特征与寒武系相似,说明上下层气源一致;高石梯-磨溪地区下二叠统储层沥青地球化学特征与筇竹寺组泥岩最为相似;筇竹寺组泥岩主要为下二叠统供气,这一认识符合干酪根油气生成理论和同位素分馏规律。     

Inhibition of the FGF/FGFR System Induces Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells via c-Myc Downregulation and Oxidative Stress

Lung cancer represents an extremely diffused neoplastic disorder with different histological/molecular features. Among the different lung tumors, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most represented histotype, characterized by various molecular markers, including the expression/overexpression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1). Thus, FGF/FGFR blockade by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKi) or FGF-ligand inhibitors may represent a promising therapeutic approach in lung cancers. In this study we demonstrate the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the FGF/FGFR system in FGF-dependent lung tumor cells using FGF trapping (NSC12) or TKi (erdafitinib) approaches. The results show that inhibition of FGF/FGFR by NSC12 or erdafitinib induces apoptosis in FGF-dependent human squamous cell carcinoma NCI-H1581 and NCI-H520 cells. Induction of oxidative stress is the main mechanism responsible for the therapeutic/pro-apoptotic effect exerted by both NSC12 and erdafitinib, with apoptosis being abolished by antioxidant treatments. Finally, reduction of c-Myc protein levels appears to strictly determine the onset of oxidative stress and the therapeutic response to FGF/FGFR inhibition, indicating c-Myc as a key downstream effector of FGF/FGFR signaling in FGF-dependent lung cancers.     

血小板源性生长因子/蛋白激酶B通路在压力超负荷诱导的心室重构中的作用及机制研究

目的:分析血小板源性生长因子（PDGF）/蛋白激酶B（AKT）通路在压力超负荷诱导的心室重构中的作用及机制。方法:选取C57BL/6雌性小鼠55只，建立主动脉弓缩窄模型，成功建模45只，小鼠随机数字表法分为假手术组、DMSO组和实验组，假手术组小鼠开胸后逐层缝合，不进行主动脉缩窄术（TAC），开胸24 h后给予PBS溶液200 μL加DMSO 50 μL，DMSO组TAC术后24 h给予PBS溶液200 μL加DMSO 50 μL，实验组TAC术后24 h给予PBS溶液200 μL加抑制剂AG1296 50 μL，观察小鼠心功能及心肌组织病理形态。慢病毒感染建立PDGF基因不同表达人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）细胞鉴定和培养，依据细胞不同处理方式分为对照组、PDGF组、shRNA组和PDGF+IMA组，检测p-AKT及t-AKT蛋白在HUVEC细胞内表达情况。结果:DMSO组小鼠左室收缩末期容积（LVESV）、左室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、左室收缩末期内径（LVESD）及左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）较假手术组升高，左室射血分数（EF）、左室短轴缩短率（FS）较假手术组降低。实验组LVESV、LVEDV、LVESD及LVEDD较DMSO组降低，EF、FS较DMSO组升高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。假手术组小鼠心肌组织整齐排列，间隙正常；DMSO组小鼠形态不规整，炎性细胞浸润，细胞间隙变大，胞核深染。实验组小鼠膨大或坏死细胞减少，间隙变小，炎性浸润降低。DMSO组小鼠心肌细胞横截面积较假手术组升高，实验组小鼠心肌细胞横截面积较DMSO组降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。PDGF+IMA组细胞内p-AKT及t-AKT蛋白表达较PDGF组及shRNA组显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论:PDGF可加速压力超负荷诱导心室重构，促进形成心肌组织纤维化，而抑制PDGF/AKT通路可改善心肌细胞肥大。